Stopping mechanism for looms



(No Model!) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. D. EMERY. STOPPING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

No. 503,461. Patented Aug. 15, 1893.

5 Sheets-8heet 2.

(No Model.)

A. D EMERY. STOPPING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

No. 503,461.. Patented Aug; 15, 1893.

u W W (No-Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3. A. D. EMERY. STOPPING MECHANISM FORLOOMS.

No. 503,461. Patented Aug. 15, 1893.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

- A. D. EMERY.

STOPPING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS. No. 503,461 Patented Aug. 15 1893.

(No Model.) 5S heets-Sheet 5.

A. D. EMERY. STOPPING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS. No. 503,461. Pate ntedAug.15, 1893;

ay will i l we: 1 [be M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ABRAM D. EMERY, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

STOPPING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,461, dated August15, 1893.

Application filed February 7, 1891. Renewed December 1, 1892. Serial No.d53,688. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ABRAM D. EMERY, of Taunton, Massachusetts, haveinvented certain Improvements in Stopping Mechanism for Looms, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention, in addition to covering certain improvements designed tofacilitate the manual starting and stopping of a loom, also relates tomechanism for automatically stopping the loom if a shuttle fails to boxproperly or if a weft thread breaks. The said mechanism embraces a maintrain of stopping devices consisting of a spring opera-ted belt shifter,a spring operated brake and a tripping rod having a prescribed capacityof vertical movement, and two afiiuent trains of devices, one governedby a shuttle and the other by a weft fork, either of which when set inaction operates to lift the said tripping rod and to thereby release thebelt shifter to the action of its operating spring and resultantly torelease the brake to the action of its operating spring. By theoperation of one of the said affluent trains of devices the failure of ashuttle to box properly permits a lifting pawl carried upon the lay toremain in position to engage a shoulder or tappet upon the tripping rod,and to thereby make the tripping rod partake of the upward movement ofthe lay until the loom is stopped by the shifting of the belt and theapplication of the brake, or, if the loom is not thus brought fully torest, then until the tripping rod has reached the limit of its upwardmove ment, in which case it acts as a chock which arrests the furtherupward movement of the lay. By the operation of the other of the saidaffluent trains of devices, the breaking of a weft thread permits a weftfork to remain in a position in which it acts as a link, and transmitsfrom a lever which is continuously vibrated by means of a cam on the camshaft, motion to vibrate a radius arm or wiper which by engaging anothertappet affixed to the tripping rod lifts the tripping rod and releasesthe belt shifter and brake, as in the other case, to the action of theiroperating springs. When the tripping rod is thus lifted by motionderived from the cam shaft, it does not act as a chock to arrest theupward movement of the lay, which may therefore complete its beatingmovement. I do not claim this latter mechanism specifically in thisapplication, as itforms the subject'matter of another application, filedby me December at, 1891, serially numbered 413,967. No harm will therebyensue because the tripping rod, when lifted in consequence of either ofthe casualties referred to, disengages from the take-up mechanism itsactuating pawl.

The improvements are herein shown as applied to a loom weaving twofabrics at the same time by the employment of two simultaneouslyoperated shuttles and of two weft forks.

While one feature of the present invention consists in the organizationof stopping mechanism so related to two shuttles and two weft forks asto effect the automatic stopping of the loom if either shuttle fails tobox properly, or if either weft thread breaks, it will be perceived thatthe improvements are equally applicable to a loom for weaving a singlefabric, in which case there will be only one shuttle and one weft forkpresent.

The accompanying drawings representing the improvements, and so much ofthe loom as is necessary to illustrate their construction and mode ofoperation, are as follows:

Figure 1 is an end view of a portion of the loom showing the startingand stopping mech' anism in side elevation. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection taken through the plane indicated by the dotted line as a; onFig. l, affording a top view of the starting and stopping mechanismparts being broken away. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the starting andstopping mechanism and adjacent parts of the loom. Fig. 4 is a frontelevation of the starting and stopping mechanism and adjacent parts ofthe loom. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively front and side elevations ofthe weft forks and the immediately adjoining parts of the structure inwhich the weft forks are arranged. Fig. 7 is a vertical section takenthrough the plane indicated by the dotted lines yy on Fig. 5. Fig. 8 isa horizontal section taken through a part of the plane indicated by thedotted line a z 011 Fig. 1, affording a top view of the belt shifter andadjacent parts.

The drawings represent portions of the frame A of a vertical loomemployingalay B wide enough to aiford parallel paths for twosimultaneouslydrlven shuttles, one of which,'

0, is shown in Fig. 2. Motion to reciprocate the lay is derived from thecrank shaft D to which is affixed a tight brake wheel D, a tight drivingpulleyD and a loose pulley D The main train of starting and stoppingmechanism embraces the belt shifter a which is a lever centrally pivotedupon the vertical pin a. The perforated rear end a of the shifter isadapted to embrace the driving belt. Its front end is connected to thecontracting spiral spring a andis provided with a handle a by means ofwhich the shifter is manually swayed upon its vertical axis, against theresisting pull of its spring a when it is desired .,to shift the drivingbelt from the loose pulley D to the driving pulley D and thereby startthe 100111. hen the shifter is thus swayed a wiper cam 01 attached toits under side bears upon and rocks backward the upright arm 1) of theT-shaped brake lever bagainst the downward pull of the brake spring 5upon the horizontal arm b and thus rocks the brake shoe b clear of thebrake wheel D. If, while the belt. is off the driving wheel, it isdesired to move the loom by hand, the brake is taken off by pushing upthe radius arm b affixed to the hub of the eccentric D which is looselypivoted upon the forward end of the horizontal arm 19 The periphery ofthe eccentric is thus brought into contact with the stationary shoulder11 projecting from the frame of the loom, and the front end of thehorizontal arm 11 of the brake lever is thereby elevated sufficiently toclear the brake shoe from the brake wheel. As soon as the belt shifterhas been moved far enough to throw the belt on the driving pulley theforward end of the manually operative'stopping lever c rises andinterposes between the belt shifter and the frame of the loom, the chockplate 0', which is affixed to the stopping lever c, and which when thusinterposed between the belt shifter and the frame of the loom holds outthe forward end of the belt shifter against the pull of its spring a andthus permits the driving belt to remain in engagement with the drivingpulley. The stopping lever is loosely pivoted upon the horizontal pin 0At its forward end it is provided with the handle 0 by means of whichits forward end can be manually depressed when it is desired to removethe chock plate 0', and thus release the belt shifter to the action ofits spring and when cam 12 is out of action to resultantly release thebrake to the action of the brake spring, for the purpose of manually lstopping the loom. The rear end of the stopping lever extends through aslot in the vertical tripping rod (Z. The lower portion of the trippingrod is adapted to slide in a vertical bearing formed in the arm A, whichis affixed to and projects laterally from the frame of the loom. It isthe weight of the tripping rod d, which by pressing downward upon therear end of the stopping lever o raises the front end of the stoppinglever when the belt shifter seam is swayed outward to start the loom.WVhen the forward end of the stopping lever c is manually depressed, thetripping rod cl is elevated and a tappet d, affixed to the upper portionof the tripping rod presses against and thereby throws out of engagementwith the ratchet wheel E (which is the prime wheel of the take-upmechanism) the pawl E, by which the take-up mechanism is actuated. Thetripping rod (1 has a limited range of upward movement. At its lower endit is aflixed to a collar (1 upon the top of which is a cushion in theform of a washer d of leather, or of other elastic or semi-elasticmaterial for cushioning the blow when the collision of the uppersurfaceof the washer d against the lay. This completes the descriptionof the main train of starting and stopping mechanism.

One of the affluent trains of stopping mechanism, which for presentconvenience may be designated the shuttle train,performs its function bycommunicating to the tripping rod (Z the upward movement'of the lay. Inthe duplex loom, like that shown in the drawings, the shuttle train isduplicated in order that the failure of either shuttle to box properlyat the conclusion of its excursion in either direction may automaticallystop the loom.

It will be seen that each shuttle-box B has inserted through one of itsside walls the usual laterallyyielding cheek piece B the outward thrustof which, when the shuttle boxes properly, rocks either the horizontalrock shaft Bi, mounted upon the front side of the lay, or the horizontalrock shaft B mounted upon the rear side of the lay, or when bothshuttles box properly, rocks both of the rock shafts B and B \V hen bothshuttles box properly the crank armf, affixed to and projecting upwardfrom the rock shaft B is swung forward and the radius arm g, affixed andprojecting upward from the rock shaft 13, is swung backward, overcomingthe force of the expanding spiral springs 13 B which respectivelydeliver their thrust upon the downwardly extending crank arms 13Biaffixed, respectively, to the rock shafts B and B IOC IIO

By means of armf is communicated to the lifting pawlf which is pivotedto the top of the lay and which, when the outward movement of the crankarmf is communicated to it, is withdrawn from its norm'al position inwhich it partially closes the front portion of the vertical slot h Fig.4 in the lay through which the tripping rod extends. Similarly, a link gimparts to the lifting pawl g the'backward movement of the crank arm gand thereby swings the lifting pawl g backward from its normal positionin which it partially closes the rear portion of the slot h. If eitheror both shuttles fail to box properly, one or both of the liftin g pawlsf and 9 as the case may be, is permitted to remain in the position inwhich it extends across the slot h, so that, as the lay rises, itsmotion is communicated to the tripping rod by the collision of thelifting toe, or lifting toes, against one or both of the shoulders f g,with which the tripping rod is provided. These shoulders may either betappets projecting laterally from the tripping rod, or, as shown, theymay consist of the lower ends of the thickened upper portion of thelifting rod. 13y such lifting of the tripping rod, the belt shifter isreleased to the action of its spring and the brake is resultantlyreleased to the action of the brake spring. If the brake does not fullystop the movement of the loom, the lay continues to rise until theelastic washer (Z is brought into collision with the under side of thearm A and the tripping rod is then brought into operation as a chockwhich arrest-s the further upward movement of the lay. The otheraffluent train of automatic stopping mechanism, which is with held fromoperation if the weft thread is present and is brought into operation ifthe weft thread breaks, may for present convenience be designated theweft train. It embraces awiper cam i, mounted upon the cam shaft I, anda bell-crank leverj, the longer arm j of which is pushed forward andswings backward by its own 'gravity in the course of each revolution ofthe cam t'. The shorter arm j is provided near its free end with atransverse pin 7' the axis of which is parallel with the shaft 70, uponwhich the bell-crank lever j is loosely mounted. The shaft k isjournaled in a box It, bolted to the frame of the loom. The end of theshaft 7: opposite that upon which the bell-orank lever j is looselymounted has affixed to it a radius arm I, the free end Z of whichprojects under the tappet Z affixed to the tripping rod (Z. The forwardend of the short arm j of the bell-crank lever j, carrying thetransverse pin j, projects into the rectangular opening in thevertically sliding carriage m, mounted in the bracket m, affixed to andprojecting downward from the upper horizontal member A of the loom framein yertical alignment with the path of motion of the weft fork grate n,extending across the central portion of the lay B. As in the loom shownin the drawings, there are two parallel raceways. The carriage at haspivoted to it at its lower extremity two weft forks 0 and p. In the caseof an ordinary loom weaving a single fabric and hence employing only oneraceway, of course only one weft fork will be needed. It will be seenthat the three tined lower portion 0 of the weft fork o bends laterallyforward underneath the carriage m, and that the three tined lowerportion 19' of the weft form 17 bends laterally backward underneath thecarriage m. The upper portions or stems o and p of the weft forks abovetheir points of pivotal attachment to the carriage m incline inconvergent planes and are respectively provided at their u pperextremities with the hooks o and p which, when the weft forks aresubject to the influence of gravity, hook over the outwardly projectingportions of the pin j, inserted through the arm 7 As the lay risesduring the normal operat1on of the loom,thetwo weft threadsextendingacross the grate n are brought into collision with the tinedlower portions of the weft forks and tip the weft forks out of thepositions in which they are represented in solid lines on Fig. '7 intothe positions in which they are represented in dotted lines in the saidfigure, in which case, as will be seen, the hooks o and p are thrown inopposite directions away from the path of movement of the transverse pinj, which is consequently permitted to make its vibrating movementwithout 1mparting movement to the carriagem. If, however, either or bothof the weft threads are broken at the conclusion of the excursion ofeither or both shuttles toward the end of the lay adjoining the stoppingmechanism, then the tined lower ends of the weft forks enter the spacesbetween the bars of the weft fork grate as the lay rises, and the weftforks obeying the influence of gravity remain in the positions in whichthey are represented in solid lines in Fig. 7, with their hooked upperends extending across the path of motion of the transverse pin In suchcase the upward movement of the pin j is communicated to the carriage m.lly means of radius arm 1 the forward end of which is pivotallyconnected to the carriage m, and the rear end of which is fastened tothe shaft is, the upward movement of the carriage on rocks the shaft 79,and communicatesasimilar upward movement to the radius arm Z, which bycollision with the tappet Z lifts the tripping rod (Z and therebyreleases the belt shifter and brake to the operation of their respectivesprings and thus automatically stops the loom. It will thus be seen thatin an ordinary loom containing the present improvement, the weft fork,or, in a duplex loom like that shown 1n the drawings, either weft forkwill serve as a link which maintains the continuity of the lever systemby which motion is transmitted from the cam to lift the tripping rod andthereby set in action the main train of stopping mechanism,if its weftthread breaks,and1tw1ll also be seen that if the loom is workingnormally the weft threads will, as the lay rises, tilt the weft forksimmediately on them and thus break the connection of said lever systemand thereby prevent the transmission from the cam of the motion whichwhen transmitted sets in action the main train of stopping mechanism.

What is claimed as the invention is- 1. Loom-stopping mechanism,embracing a spring-operated belt shifter, aspring-operated brake, avertically-sliding tripping rod for releasing said belt shifter andbrake to the action of their respective springs, and a tappet upon thesaid trippingrod, in combination with take-up mechanism a pawl foractuating said take-up mechanism, so arranged with re- IIO lation tosaid tappet that the upward motion of the said tripping rod disengagesthe said pawl from the prime wheel of the take-up mechanism, and hencestops the take-up whenever the belt shifter and brake are released tothe action of their springs.

2. Loom-stopping mechanism, embracing a spring-operated belt shifter, aspring-operated brake, and a vertically sliding tripping rod, incombination with a manuallyoperative stopping lever engaged by the saidtripping rod, and provided with a chock 'for holding the said beltshifter out of action during the normal operation of the loom, and ahandle, forming a part of the said stopping lever, for facilitating themanual operation of the same for the purpose of releasing the said beltshifter and brake to the action of their respective springs, and therebystopping the loom.

S. A spring-operated belt shifter, a springoperated brake,a tripping rodto release said shifter and brake, a fixed arm,through which thetripping rod slides, and a collar, affixed to the tripping rod, forarresting the upward movement of the tripping rod by collision with thesaid arm, in combination with a train of devices mounted upon the layand embracing a lifting pawl for engaging and lifting said tripping rodif the shuttle fails to boX properly, for the purpose of enabling thesaid tripping rod, by the collision of the said collar with the saidarm, to act as a chock and arrest the continued upward movement of thelay after the initial portion of such movement, by having beencommunicated to the said tripping rod, has caused the said belt shifterand brake to be released to the action of their respective springs.

4. A spring-actuated belt shifter, a springactuated brake, a camconnected with and operated by the belt shifter to throw and hold thebrake out of action while the belt is on the driving pulley, avertically-movable tripping rod, a vertically-reciprocating lay alifting pawl on said lay, means to throw said pawl into and out ofengagement with the tripping rod, and a chock for holding thebeltshifter against the action of its spring, the said chock beingoperatively connected with the tripping rod.

with the tripping rod, and means for locking the belt-shifter in itsadjusted position, said means being both manually operative andoperatively connectedwith the tripping rod for releasing thebelt-shifter and its connections to the action of its spring and therebythe brake mechanism to the action of its spring.

6. The combination of a main train of spring-operative stoppingmechanism, a stopping levcr provided with a projection near one end, avertically-sliding tripping rod supported on the other end, whereby theprojection is normally held in the path of movement of the stoppingmechanism, a reciprocating lay and means carried thereon adapted to liftthe tripping rod when a shuttle fails to box and thereby releasing thestopping mechanism, substantially as described.

7. The combination of a main train of spring-operated stopping mechanisma manually-operative stopping lever provided with a projection near oneend, a vertically-movable tripping rod connected to the opposite end,whereby the projection is normally held in the path of the stoppingmechanism, a vertically-reciprocating lay, a pawl carried thereby andadapted to engage and lift said tripping rod when the shuttle fails tobox, substantially as described.

8. The combination of a spring-operated belt shifter, a spring-operatedbrake, a vertically movable tripping rod for releasing said belt-shifterand brake to the action of their respective springs, with avertically-reciprocating lay carrying a lifting pawl, means to throwsaid pawl into engagement with said tripping rod, whereby thebelt-shifter and brake are released and a stop for limiting the upwardmovement of said tripping rod and lay, substantially as described.

ABRAM D. EMERY Witnesses:

H. J. FULLER, A. M. JONES.

